Optimization of BaZrO3 sintering by control of the initial powder size distribution; a factorial design statistical analysis

A factorial design statistical analysis has been conducted in order to obtain the optimum conditions in the solid state sintering process of barium zirconate bulk materials, optimum with respect to density, closed and open porosities. The optimized heat treatment permits to sinter a 99% dense barium zirconate sample at 1650 °C during only 2 h. When the temperature is higher than 1650 °C or when the heating time is longer than 2 h, a decrease in density is observed.