Enhanced ferroelectric properties in (Ba1−xCax)(Ti0.94Sn0.06)O3 lead-free ceramics

Lead-free (Ba1−xCax)(Ti0.94Sn0.06)O3 (BCST) (x = 0.01–0.04) ceramics were prepared using a solid-state reaction technique. The effects of Ca content on the phase structure and electrical properties of the BCST ceramics were investigated. High piezoelectric coefficient of d33 = 440 pC/N, planar electromechanical coupling factor of kp = 45% and dielectric constant ɛr = 6900 were obtained for the samples at x = 0.03. At room temperature, a polymorphic phase transition (PPT) from orthorhombic phase to tetragonal phase was identified in the composition range of 0.02 < x < 0.04.