Direct observation of channel-tee mixing of high-temperature and high-pressure water

Channel-tee mixing of flowing high-temperature and high-pressure water streams was observed by using a newly designed high-pressure optical cell and results were compared with mixing at room temperature. The characteristic feature of the cell is a three-piece window with the center window containing a mixing channel. The mixing between aqueous streams at high-temperatures and high-pressures greatly depended on the mixing direction and it was found that gravity played an important role, even for mixing between streams of small diameters (2 mm).