Dominant factor for the precise bending control of Selemion

Not long before, the bending of silver plated Selemion – one of ion exchange polymer membranes (IEPMs) – in the largely dehydrated state was found to be controllable quite precisely through the control of applied voltage even for hours unlike a largely hydrated one, despite the wide belief that the hydration treatment to IEPM is essential for the electrical induction of its bending. Although the current flowing through the Selemion could not be well associated with its bending curvature, we found that the predominant factor for such a precisely controllable bending was attributed to the total charge given to it. Furthermore, it was found to have a predominant effect even on the force Selemion could generate.