IPMC bending predicted by the circuit and viscoelastic models considering individual influence of Faradaic and non-Faradaic currents on the bending

Electrically induced bending behavior of a highly dehydrated Selemion CMV-based IPMC was analyzed theoretically. The experimental observation suggested that even the highly dehydrated IPMC bending was under the influence of not only Faradaic current but also non-Faradaic current. Hence, it was essential to know the Faradaic and non-Faradaic current influences on the IPMC bending separately for predicting the IPMC bending behavior. A circuit model was proposed for deriving the time-dependent behavior of charge, which was caused by both Faradaic and non-Faradaic currents, passing through the IPMC. In the course of derivation of the time dependence of charge, electrical properties of the IPMC such as resistance and capacitance were obtained, and those physical quantities were reasonable from the stand point of physical chemistry. The time dependent charge behaviors obtained by employing the circuit model successfully resulted in the prediction of bending behavior of the IPMC. The electric properties obtained by the analysis of circuit model was combined with a viscoelastic model we proposed for predicting the bending behavior of IPMC, and the newly proposed viscoelastic model successfully reproduced the experimentally observed behavior of Selemion CMV-based IPMC bending.