Surfactant bilayers for the direct electrochemical detection of affinity interactions

Simple methods of preparing the direct affinity sensors are proposed. Due to the self-consistent introduction of a hydrocarbon chain bound with oligonucleotide pentadecathymidylate (dT15) into the hydrophobic region of surfactant bilayer or the adsorption of antibodies on the bilayer surface, the immobilizations of oligonucleotide or antibodies were carried out correspondingly. The responses were detected by impedance spectroscopy. Whereas the specific DNA-coupling caused the decrease of real part of impedance, the antibody–antigen interaction caused the increase of real part. The obtained results give an opportunity for the development of impedimetric affinity sensors for clinical analysis or for the detection of various environmental pollutants.