Facile and controllable preparation of glucose biosensor based on Prussian blue nanoparticles hybrid composites

A glucose biosensor based on polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) protected Prussian blue nanoparticles (PBNPs)-polyaniline/multi-walled carbon nanotubes hybrid composites was fabricated by electrochemical method. A novel route for PBNPs preparation was applied in the fabrication with the help of PVP, and from scanning electron microscope images, Prussian blue particles on the electrode were found nanoscaled. The biosensor exhibits fast current response (< 6 s) and a linearity in the range from 6.7 × 10− 6 to 1.9 × 10− 3 M with a high sensitivity of 6.28 μA mM− 1 and a detection limit of 6 × 10− 7 M (S/N = 3) for the detection of glucose. The apparent activation energy of enzyme-catalyzed reaction and the apparent Michaelis–Menten constant are 23.9 kJ mol− 1 and 1.9 mM respectively, which suggests a high affinity of the enzyme-substrate. This easy and controllable construction method of glucose biosensor combines the characteristics of the components of the hybrid composites, which favors the fast and sensitive detection of glucose with improved analytical capabilities. In addition, the biosensor was examined in human serum samples for glucose determination with a recovery between 95.0 and 104.5%.