Quantitative determination of the anticancer agent tubeimoside I in rat plasma by liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry

Tubeimoside I is an important component isolated from Bolbostemma paniculatum. Tubeimoside I has been demonstrated to possess many pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and antitumor-promoting effects. The purpose of the present study was to examine in vivo pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of tubeimoside I in rats by using a liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry quantitative detection method (LC/MS). The plasma samples were deproteinated, evaporated and reconstituted in 100 μl methanol prior to analysis. The separation was performed by Waters Symmetry® C18 reversed-phase column (3.5 μm, 150 mm × 2.1 mm, Waters Inc., USA) and a SB-C18 guard column (5 μm, 20 mm × 4.0 mm). The mobile phase was a mixture of acetonitrile and water containing 5 μM NaAc (60:40, v/v). The method was validated within the concentration range 20–5000 ng/ml, and the calibration curves were linear with correlation coefficients >0.999. The lowest limit of quantitation (LLOQ) for tubeimoside I was 20 ng/ml in 0.1 ml rat plasma. The intra-assay accuracy and precision ranged from 92.4 to 104.9% and from 5.8 to 10.5%, respectively, while inter-assay accuracy and precision ranged from 94.2 to 95.0% and from 5.1 to 8.8%, respectively. The method was further applied to assess pharmacokinetics and oral bioavailability of tubeimoside I after intravenous and oral administration to rats. The oral bioavailability of tubeimoside I is only 0.23%, which indicates that tubeimoside I has poor absorption or undergoes acid-induced degradation. Practical utility of this new LC/MS method was confirmed in pilot pharmacokinetic studies in rats following both intravenous and oral administration.