Enablers for robust POD models

This paper focuses on improving the stability as well as the approximation properties of reduced order models (ROMs) based on proper orthogonal decomposition (POD). The ROM is obtained by seeking a solution belonging to the POD subspace and that at the same time minimizes the Navier–Stokes residuals. We propose a modified ROM that directly incorporates the pressure term in the model. The ROM is then stabilized making use of a method based on the fine scale equations. An improvement of the POD solution subspace is performed, thanks to a hybrid method that couples direct numerical simulations and reduced order model simulations. The methods proposed are tested on the two-dimensional confined square cylinder wake flow in laminar regime.