Numerical methods for quasicrystals

Quasicrystals are one kind of space-filling structures. The traditional crystalline approximant method utilizes periodic structures to approximate quasicrystals. The errors of this approach come from two parts: the numerical discretization, and the approximate error of Simultaneous Diophantine Approximation which also determines the size of the domain necessary for accurate solution. As the approximate error decreases, the computational complexity grows rapidly, and moreover, the approximate error always exits unless the computational region is the full space. In this work we focus on the development of numerical method to compute quasicrystals with high accuracy. With the help of higher-dimensional reciprocal space, a new projection method is developed to compute quasicrystals. The approach enables us to calculate quasicrystals rather than crystalline approximants. Compared with the crystalline approximant method, the projection method overcomes the restrictions of the Simultaneous Diophantine Approximation, and can also use periodic boundary conditions conveniently. Meanwhile, the proposed method efficiently reduces the computational complexity through implementing in a unit cell and using pseudospectral method. For illustrative purpose we work with the Lifshitz–Petrich model, though our present algorithm will apply to more general systems including quasicrystals. We find that the projection method can maintain the rotational symmetry accurately. More significantly, the algorithm can calculate the free energy density to high precision.