Peak normal stresses and effects of wind direction on wind load combinations for medium-rise buildings

In order to examine wind load combinations, fluctuating surface pressure measurements are made for flat roof building models with square or rectangular plans. The fluctuating pressures are integrated over all their surfaces and results are obtained of along-wind force, across-wind force, vertical force, along-wind overturning moment, across-wind over-turning moment and torsional moment on their frames. The maximum wind force component and other simultaneously observed wind force components are examined, and some interesting facts regarding the effects of wind direction are discussed. In order to directly check the wind load combination effects, the maximum normal stresses in column members of simple frame models are examined, and a wind load combination factor is proposed.