Radial pressure profile of typhoon field near ground surface observed by distributed meteorologic stations

It is a common practice at the international level to predict maximal wind speed for coastal regions prone to strong typhoon occurrence using a typhoon numerical model and Monte-Carlo algorithm. Furthermore, it is necessary to calibrate the radial wind-induced pressure field of a typhoon process by comparison between numerical simulation and actual measurement. This paper developed the analytic model of radial atmospheric pressure distribution originally proposed by Holland and discussed the distribution factor of radial typhoon pressure field (also referred to as Holland parameter β). Some more expressions about radial atmospheric pressure distribution under the condition of typhoon proposed by numerous scholars over the past several decades were also reviewed. Their impacts on prediction of regional extreme wind velocity were studied and compared about the various values of β derived from those formulas. Then, the fitted power exponent about atmospheric pressure field were proposed utilizing a large amount of on-spot observed atmospheric data from several hundreds of national meteorologic stations along Chinese coastal regions according to the Holland empirical analytic model. Since the maximum wind-speed radius, central pressure differential, latitude of typhoon center and even surface temperature of the ocean during typhoon process affect wind-pressure distribution coefficient β more or less, further study and verification are needed to determine the method for calculating β that gives the best precision for the radial atmospheric pressure distribution of a typhoon.