Retention of ionizable compounds in high-performance liquid chromatography: IX. Modelling retention in reversed-phase liquid chromatography as a function of pH and solvent composition with acetonitrile–water mobile phases

The influence of pH and solvent composition of acetonitrile–water mobile phases on the retention of acids and bases on a polymeric stationary phase is studied. Very good relationships between retention and mobile phase pH are obtained if the pH is measured in the proper pH scale. The fit of retention to pH for a particular solvent composition provides the pKa values of the equilibria between the different acid–base species and the retention parameters of these species at this solvent composition. Several models are tested that relate these parameters to solvent composition and properties in order to propose a general model to predict retention for any mobile phase pH and composition.