Developments in the use of soluble ionic polymers as pseudo-stationary phases for electrokinetic chromatography and stationary phases for electrochromatography

This article reviews the development, characterization and application of soluble ionic polymeric materials as pseudo-stationary phases for electrokinetic chromatography and as stationary phases for electrochromatography since 1997. Polymeric pseudo-stationary phases for electrokinetic chromatography, including cationic polymers, anionic siloxane and acrylamide polymers, polymerized surfactants (micelle polymers), and chiral polymers are reviewed. Also reviewed are suspended molecularly imprinted polymer micro-particles. Application of polymeric pseudo-stationary phases with electrospray ionization mass spectrometric detection is presented. Recent progress in the development and characterization of physically adsorbed stationary phases for electrochromatography using polymers of the same or similar chemistry is also reviewed.