Development of a method for fast analysis of phenolic molecular markers in biomass burning particles using high performance liquid chromatography/atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation mass spectrometry

A high performance liquid chromatography/atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation mass spectrometry (HPLC/APCI-MS) method for the fast analysis of 21 biomass burning tracers in particles samples has been developed. Separation was done with a Zorbax SB-C18 Rapid Resolution cartridge column (4.6 mm × 30 mm × 3.5 μm), using a CH3OH/H2O/CH3COOH gradient at a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min. The observed relative standard deviations (RSD) for the retention times and peak areas were <0.6 and <15%, respectively. With the short analytical column and the sensitive detector the total analysis time for the standard mixture was reduced to 15 min. Instrumental detection limits were <1 μM (S/N = 3) for all standard compounds except homovanillic acid (4.3 μM). The suitability of the developed method for the analysis of biomass burning particles is demonstrated by the measurements of five different real biomass burning samples. The results of these measurements showed clear differences between the different kinds of biomass and they are in good agreement with results from earlier studies in the literature.