Dual-purpose sample trap for on-line strong cation-exchange chromatography/reversed-phase liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry for shotgun proteomics: Application to the human Jurkat T-cell proteome

A dual-purpose sample-trapping column is introduced for the capacity enhancement of proteome analysis in on-line two-dimensional nanoflow liquid chromatography (strong cation-exchange chromatography followed by reversed-phase liquid chromatography) and tandem mass spectrometry. A home-made dual trap is prepared by sequentially packing C18 reversed-phase (RP) particles and SCX resin in a silica capillary tubing (1.5 cm × 200 μm I.D. for SCX, 0.7 cm × 200 μm for RP) ended with a home-made frit and is connected to a nanoflow column having a pulled tip treated with an end frit. Without having a separate fraction collection and concentration process, digested peptide mixtures were loaded directly in the SCX part of the dual trap, and the SCX separation of peptides was performed with a salt step elution initiated by injecting only 8 μL of NH4HCO3 solution from the autosampler to the dual trap. The fractionated peptides at each salt step were directly transferred to the RP trap packed right next to the SCX part for desalting, and a nanoflow LC–MS–MS run was followed. During the sample loading–SCX fractionation–desalting, flow direction was set to bypass the analytical column to prevent contamination. The entire 2D-LC separation and MS–MS analysis were automated. Evaluation of the technique was made with an injection of 15 μg peptide mixtures from human Jurkat T-cell proteome, and the total seven salt step cycles followed by each RPLC run resulted in an identification of 681 proteins.