Determination of pesticides in compost by pressurized liquid extraction and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

A gas chromatographic–mass spectrometric method was developed for the determination of pesticides in compost. The investigated pesticides included two fungicides, two herbicides and 10 insecticides. The pesticides were extracted from the compost by pressurized liquid extraction. The extract was cleaned up by a partition between hexane and acetonitrile followed by a dispersive solid-phase extraction using a porous carbon made from Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens). The overall recoveries were 81–104% and the relative standard deviations (RSDs) ranged from 2.4 to 12%. The minimum detectable concentrations were 0.02–0.04 μg g−1. This method was successfully applied to a compost sample from food waste as well as commercial compost.