A Measure of Association for Bivariate Frailty Distributions

A general formula is derived for the variance of Kendallʹs coefficient of concordance for absolutely continuous bivariate distributions generated by frailties. The formula is specialized to the case of Gumbelʹs Type II distribution of extreme values, which arises when the frailty has a positive stable distribution. A new diagnostic is suggested for the goodness of fit of a bivariate frailty distribution, based on the value of Kendallʹs tau for a truncated sample. It is shown that as a function of the proportion of the sample truncated, this truncated tau characterizes the original frailty distribution. The methods are applied to some cable insulation failure data.