A current independent method based on synchronized voltage measurement for fault location on transmission lines

This paper presents a new method based on synchronized voltage measurement technique in order to identify the fault locations in two and three-terminal transmission lines. Due to common problems of current transformers in distance protection of power system and as result increasing cost and reduction of protection accuracy, proposed method is independent of current measurement and based on transmission line terminals voltages measurement. Pre-fault and post-fault voltages at both ends of the line are measured synchronously and used to calculate the fault location. Proposed method calculates the fault location using Thevenin model of faulted system and transforms the whole parameters to symmetric components. Using proposed technique, fault location can be calculated with a lower than 0.6% error without using current transformers. EMTP/ATP simulation results and mathematical analysis show that proposed fault location technique is independent of fault type, fault resistance, fault inception angle and loading angle of the transmission line.