Robust controller design of heat pump and plug-in hybrid electric vehicle for frequency control in a smart microgrid based on specified-structure mixed H2/H∞ control technique

This paper proposes a new robust controller design of heat pump (HP) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) for frequency control in a smart microgrid (MG) system with wind farm. The intermittent power generation from wind farm causes severe frequency fluctuation in the MG. To alleviate frequency fluctuation, the smart control of power consumption of HP and the power charging of PHEV in the customer side can be performed. The controller structure of HP and PHEV is a proportional integral derivative (PID) with single input. To enhance the performance and robustness against system uncertainties of the designed controller, the particle swarm optimization based-mixed H2/H∞ control is applied to design the PID controllers of HP and PHEV. Simulation studies confirm the superior robustness and frequency control effect of the proposed HP and PHEV controllers in comparison to the conventional controller.