Hydrolysis of macroalgae using heterogeneous catalyst for bioethanol production

Utilization of macroalgae biomass for bioethanol production appears as an alternative source to lignocellulosic materials. In this study, for the first time, Amberlyst (TM)-15 was explored as a potential catalyst to hydrolyze carbohydrates from Eucheuma cottonii extract to simple reducing sugar prior to fermentation process. Several important hydrolysis parameters were studied for process optimization including catalyst loading (2–5%, w/v), reaction temperature (110–130 °C), reaction time (0–2.5 h) and biomass loading (5.5–15.5%, w/v). Optimum sugar yield of 39.7% was attained based on the following optimum conditions: reaction temperature at 120 °C, catalyst loading of 4% (w/v), 12.5% (w/v) of biomass concentration and reaction time of 1.5 h. Fermentation of the hydrolysate using Saccharomyces cerevisiae produced 0.33 g/g of bioethanol yield with an efficiency of 65%. The strategy of combining heterogeneous-catalyzed hydrolysis and fermentation with S. cerevisiae could be a feasible strategy to produce bioethanol from macroalgae biomass.