Observation of typhoon eyes on the sea surface using multi-sensors

In this study, typhoon eyes are delineated using wavelet analysis from synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and infrared (IR) images to detect the “eyes” on the sea surface and at the cloud top, respectively. Because of the vertical wind shear, which acts as an upright tilt, the location of the typhoon eye on the sea surface differs from that at the top of the clouds. Consequently, the large horizontal distance between typhoon eyes on the sea surface and on the cloud top implies that the vertical wind shear profile is considerably more complex than generally expected. The upright tilt may be caused by the oceanʹs feedback or the effect of island obstruction.