Slenderness limit of the weak axis in the design of rectangular reinforced concrete non-sway columns

Most design codes (Model Code 90, ACI-318-2008 and Eurocode–2-2004) suggest that the effect of a geometrical imperfection ought to be taken into account in the most unfavorable direction when designing slender reinforced concrete columns. If the bending plane of the beam–column is related to the strong axis, this imperfection acting in the opposite direction results in the column being subjected to axial load and biaxial bending, complicating the design procedure and increasing computational costs considerably. Such standards do not indicate when this geometrical imperfection generates a notable loss of resistance in the column. This paper proposes the geometrical slenderness of the weak axis ( l b / b ) as the variable that determines whether or not to consider the influence of such imperfection. This paper denominates this boundary value the “slenderness limit of the weak axis” ( λ g , weak ), and this is associated with a loss of resistance of 10% of the bending moment of the unbraced columns with respect to non-sway columns. An approximated equation of this limit is proposed using the results of a numerical simulation. The equation is valid for rectangular columns with doubly symmetric reinforcement and both normal and high strength concrete, and also for short-term and sustained loads.