Impact of the carbonisation temperature on the activation of carbon fibres and their application for hydrogen storage

Porous materials are gaining interest due to their potential for storing hydrogen via physisorption. In the present work, two carbon fibres, carbonised at 973 and 1273 K, have been chemically activated with KOH and NaOH, in order to obtain materials with optimised characteristics for hydrogen storage application. Highly microporous activated carbon fibres were obtained from both precursors, especially from the fibre carbonised at the lower carbonisation temperature, remarking its importance on its subsequent activation process. As activation agent, KOH is more effective for developing the narrow microporosity, and higher yields are obtained. H2 adsorption isotherms were measured at 298 K for pressures up to 20 MPa, and at 77 K up to 4 MPa. The maximum excess adsorption of hydrogen reached 1 wt% at 298 K and 3.8 wt% at 77 K. The total volumetric storage capacity is of 17 g/l at 298 K, and 32 g/l at 77 K.