Derivatized silver nanoparticles as sensor for ultra-trace nitrate determination based on light scattering phenomenon

New silver nanoparticles coated with EDTA (EDTA-AgNPs) have been synthesized by citrate reduction method and characterized by UV–vis spectroscopy, molecular fluorescence and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The derivatized nanoparticles show fluorescent emission and second order scattering (SOS) signals which in presence of nitrate are both attenuated. The SOS decreasing is greater than its fluorescent quenching; considering this fact, a new ultra sensitive methodology using the derivatized silver nanoparticles as sensor for nitrate determination has been developed. Under optimal established conditions, a linear response has been obtained within the range of 6.4 × 10−4 to 3.0 μg mL−1 nitrate concentrations, with a detection limit of 1.8 × 10−4 μg mL−1. This novel technique provides a sensitive and selective methodology for nitrate determination and has been satisfactorily applied to its quantification in parenteral solutions.