Performance analysis of proton-exchange membrane fuel cell stacks used in Beijing urban-route buses trial project

Fuel cell hybrid vehiclesʹ sustained development and commercialization are contingent on the reliability and durability of the fuel cell engines. In August 2008, official trial of the three proton-exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell hybrid city buses commenced in a commercial-operation urban-route in Beijing for one year. In this paper, data from the performance analysis of the automotive fuel cells used in those city buses are presented and analyzed. The durability and reliability of the fuel cell engines under realistic conditions were evaluated by analyzing the standard deviation of the single-cell fuel cell voltages and by estimating the voltage vs. current characteristics obtained using the recursive least squares fitting method. After studying the degradation status by analyzing fitted results from the measured data, it is concluded that the fuel cell enginesʹ performance meets the standard imposed by the driving conditions of the Beijing urban-routes, but that their performance degradation necessitates maintenance in order to ensure normal operation.