Development of an integrated electrochemical biosensor for sucrose and its implementation in a continuous flow system for the simultaneous monitoring of sucrose, fructose and glucose

An integrated amperometric sucrose biosensor involving a 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) self-assembled monolayer (SAM)-modified gold disk electrode (AuE) and coimmobilization of the enzymes invertase (INV) and fructose dehydrogenase (FDH) as well as the redox mediator tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) by means of a dialysis membrane is reported. Amperometry in stirred solutions at a detection potential of +0.10 V provided a linear calibration plot for sucrose over the 1.2×10−6–3.0×10−3 mol L−1 concentration range, with a limit of detection of 3.6×10−7 mol L−1. The practical usefulness of the biosensor was demonstrated by determining sucrose in condensed milk and in an infant food reference material with good results. Additionally, the biosensor was implemented together with commercial fructose and glucose amperometric biosensors in a continuous flow system to perform the multiplexed quantification of sucrose, fructose and glucose in a single experiment. The operational characteristics of the biosensors in this novel flow system were evaluated and their applicability was demonstrated through the simultaneous determination of the three sugars in the above-mentioned reference material.