Nanoindentation of palladium–hydrogen

Nanoindentation has been utilised to track the mechanical effects of hydrogen on palladium foils over a range of hydrogen concentrations. The miscibility gap in the palladium–hydrogen system yields discrete phases over a range of compositions. It is shown that nanoindentation can measure the extent of hydrogen-induced phase transformations across the film thickness after hydrogen removal, with the α → β → α phase transformations yielding a ∼50% increase in local hardness. Interstitial hydrogen was observed to promote work hardening in β phase regions, and a ∼75% increase in hardness was observed in regions where the α phase was saturated with hydrogen.