Multiwavelength spectrophotometric determination of protolytic constants of 4-(2-pyridylazo) resorcinol (PAR) in binary DMF–water mixtures

A multiwavelength spectrophotometric titration method was applied to study the protolytic constants of 4-(2-pyridylazo) resorcinol(PAR), in binary DMF + water mixtures. UV–vis absorption spectra of PAR solution were recorded in the course of pH-metric titration of acidic solutions of PAR with standard base solution. The protolytic equilibrium constants, spectral profiles, concentration diagrams and also the number of components have been calculated from the fitting of the pH-spectral titration data with appropriate mass balance equations by a home written program according to an established target factor analysis. To precise determination of number of absorptive components a recently developed statistical indicator function (IND function) was used. A glass electrode calibration procedure based on a four-parameter equation pH = α + S p c H + J H + [ H + ] + J O H − K w / [ H + ] based on the Granʹs plots was used to obtain pH readings in the concentration scale (pcH). It has been observed that there is an inverse relationship between second and third protolytic constants and mole fraction of DMF. The effect of the solvent on the protolytic constants was discussed.