Gas chromatography with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometric detection in speciation analysis

The state-of-the-art of gas chromatography coupled with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (GC-ICP MS) is comprehensively reviewed. Particular attention is given to the recent advances in ICP MS detection including: GC-ICP interface designs; low power plasmas; and alternative mass analyzers (time-of-flight, double-focussing single collector, double-focussing and collision cell single-focussing multicollectors). On the level of sample preparation for speciation analysis by GC-ICP MS, new derivatization reagents and advances in extraction techniques, such as capillary purge-and-trap, solid phase microextraction and stirbar solid phase extraction are discussed. The increasing role of organometallic species labeled with stable isotopes for the detection of sources of errors during sample preparation and for isotope dilution quantification is highlighted. Applications of GC-ICP MS to the analysis of real-world samples are summarized with a focus on the areas which particularly benefit from the high ICP MS detection sensitivity and tolerance to sample matrix.