Distinct element analysis of bulk crushing: effect of particle properties and loading rate

The bulk crushing behaviour of spherical solids subjected to compressive loading has been analysed by the distinct element method. Porous alumina catalyst carrier beads, used commonly in the oil refining applications, have been employed as a model material because of concern over its mechanical degradation during prolonged use in industrial units. Single particle mechanical properties, such as Youngʹs modulus and crushing strength distribution have been characterised and used in the simulations to predict the bulk crushing behaviour. The simulation results have been compared with the experimental data, where it is found that the breakage in the simulated assembly is lower than in the actual experiment, particularly under low compressive loading. A parametric sensitivity analysis has therefore been carried out on the effect of Youngʹs modulus, the coefficient of friction and the loading rate. The results show that an increase in the value of Youngʹs modulus and coefficient of friction leads to a significant increase of breakage in the assembly and that a decrease in the loading rate leads to a lower extent of breakage.