The effect of particle agglomeration and attrition on the separation efficiency of a Stairmand cyclone

The influence of material properties on the separation grade efficiency of cyclones has long been ignored by researchers. This experimental study investigates the behaviour of two powders of similar density, Kaolin and SAE, in a small scale Stairmand cyclone with inlet velocities of 15, 30 and 45 m s− 1. Initially evidence of agglomeration of fine particles occurring within the cyclone body is observed; however, as the inlet velocity increases, particle attrition dominates the behaviour of fine particles in the grade efficiency graphs. Both powders respond similarly to increased flow rates; however, Kaolin exhibits a greater tendency to agglomeration and attrition, which is manifested in the difference between the respective grade efficiency curves, thus demonstrating the complex effect of material properties on cyclone efficiency.