Preparations of TiO2 pastes and its application to light-scattering layer for dye-sensitized solar cells

Three different structures of TiO2 electrodes of the dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) devices were fabricated with layers of nanoparticles and light-scattering particles, and their photovoltaic performances were investigated when the polymer electrolytes were used. Especially, 20-nm- and 123-nm-TiO2 pastes were prepared by using sol–gel method, to use for light-scattering layer from the incident light. The best efficiency of 6.03% under AM 1.5 was attained with a multi-layer structure using 123-nm-TiO2 layer for the light-scattering layer and 9-nm-TiO2 layer for the dense layer.