Diffusion flame synthesis of single-walled carbon nanotubes

Flame synthesis is demonstrated for the synthesis of single-wall nanotubes via a simple laboratory-scale diffusion flame. Results using different hydrocarbon reagents, the effects of dilution with an inert, the role of hydrogen and processes likely accountable for the deactivation of the catalyst particles are illustrated and discussed. Finally, a plot of the integrated residence time–temperature history of a fluid parcel along the flame axis indicates carbon nanotube growth occurring within 20 ms, thus demonstrating the great potential of flame synthesis for large-scale commercial production of nanotubes.