Effect of solvents on the performance and morphology of polymer photovoltaic devices

In the polymer photovoltaic devices (PVDs), the performance of devices was strongly influenced by region-regularity, number average molecular weight and casting solvents of polymers. In this work, we fabricated p–n bulk-hetero-junction PVDs based on poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and [6,6]-phenyl-C60-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) using various solvents such as chloroform (CF), chlorobenzene (CB), dichlorobenzene (DCB), and mixed solvent (CF/CB, CF/DCB). Thin film of active layer with P3HT/PCBM was prepared by spin coating and thermal annealing at 150 °C with fixed thickness about 110 nm by adjusting solution concentration. The crystalline morphology and layered phase for the active layer were studied by atomic force microscopy and X-ray diffraction, respectively. We investigated the performance of solar cells according to different morphology and crystallinity of active layer by various solvent and mixed solvent.