Effects of different anionic surfactant templates (H+A−, Na+A−) on titanium self-assembly: In the air–water interfacial films

Four anionic surfactants (H+A−, Na+A−), sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium dodecyl sulfonate, sodium 4-dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 4-dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid, have been employed to template the self-assembly of titania interfacial films with organometallic compounds as precursors. All obtained films displayed well-ordered structures by means of the X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope measurements. For the film prepared with sodium dodecyl sulfate, as a typical example, the relations between the d spacing of the lamellar structure, the critical chain length of surfactant molecule as well as the included angle of tilted surfactant molecule were discussed quantitatively.