Inhibition of initiation and early stage development of aberrant crypt foci and enhanced natural killer activity in male rats administered bovine lactoferrin concomitantly with azoxymethane

The influence of concomitant administration of bovine lactoferrin (bLF) on induction of aberrant crypt foci (ACF) by azoxymethane was investigated in male F344 rats. Two percent bLF and 3% Bifidobacterium longum (B. longum), as a positive control, significantly decreased the numbers of ACF as well as the total numbers of aberrant crypts reproducibly in three independent studies (2% bLF, P<0.01; 3% B. longum, P<0.05). Most importantly large size foci composed of four or more crypts were always significantly decreased by 2% bLF (P<0.05). Additional investigation of the natural killer activity of spleen cells demonstrated enhancement by bLF (P<0.01) and B. longum (P<0.01) in line with the levels of influence on foci induction, indicating a possible role for elevated immune cytotoxicity in the observed inhibition.