Effects of topical application of free and liposome-encapsulated lactoferrin and lactoperoxidase on oral microbiota and dental caries in rats

Four groups of rats were inoculated with Streptococcus sobrinus ATCC 33478 and fed a cariogenic diet for 42 days. Topical treatment with either distilled water, sodium fluoride (0.2%), a solution containing lactoferrin and lactoperoxidase, or a solution containing liposome-encapsulated lactoferrin and liposome-encapsulated lactoperoxidase was applied at intervals for 35 days. Caries incidence in groups treated with liposome-encapsulated lactoferrin and lactoperoxidase was significantly lower than in control groups. The number of viable Strep. sobrinus and the proportion of Strep. sobrinus in the total counts were significantly higher in liposome-treated groups. Free lactoferrin and lactoperoxidase did not cause a significant reduction in caries incidence.