Author/Authors :
Forouhar Vajargah، Mohammad نويسنده Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environment, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran. , , Hedayati، Aliakbar نويسنده Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environment, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran , , Mohamadi Yalsuyi، Ahmad نويسنده Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environment, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran. , , Abarghoei، Safoura نويسنده Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environment, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran. , , Gerami، Mohammad Hasan نويسنده Deptartment of Fishery and Forestry, Gonbad-e Kavous University, Gonbad-e Kavous, Iran , , Ghaffari Farsani، Hamed نويسنده Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environment, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran ,
Abstract :
Herbicides are used to control weeds and are usually targeted to processes and target sites that are specific to plants. Butachlor is an herbicide of the acetanilide class, which is used widely in agricultural fields. At the present study, lethal concentration (LC50) of butachlor was calculated for Rutilus frisii Kutum. Samples weighted 4 ± 1 [mean ± SD] gr. The experiment were carried out in static condition and based on instructions of Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (O.E.C.D) in 4 days under controlled water physicochemical factors with pH was 8-8.3, BOD 690 mg/l total hardness 210 mgCaCo3 and temperature was 17 ± 0.1 °C. All fishes were acclimatized in 60×55×30 cm aquarium for 10 days. Treated aquariums with concentration ranges 0.11, 0.22, 0.33, 1, 1.66, 2.33, 3.33, 6.66, 13.33, 16.66 mg/l of butachlor and control group (no toxic concentration) were performed. LC1, LC10, LC30, LC50, LC70, LC90 and LC99 were calculated for 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours. LC50 96h butachlor for R. frisii Kutum was obtained 0.258 ppm. These findings suggest that butachlor is moderately toxic and moderately irritating for this species. Clinical symptoms including irregular protrusion of the eyes and irregular swimming were observed.
