Chromosomal Aberrations in Young Cancer Patients

Spontaneous level of chromosomal aberrations (CA) is considered to be indicative of inherent cancer predisposition, which plays a major role in total cancer incidence. We have studied spontaneous CA levels in in vitro cultured peripheral blood lymphocytes of pediatric cancer patients (n = 77). Results were compared with those of control subjects (n = 72), including: age-matched controls; elder controls (minimum age 60 years); and healthy first-degree relatives (FDR) of pediatric cancer patients. Pediatric cancer patients showed the highest mean CA/cell value, which was statistically significant as compared to their age-matched counterparts, elder controls, and the FDRs. As compared to 7% of all the three control groups collectively, 32.4% of pediatric cancer patients showed >0.1 mean CA/cell value. One of the FDRs with a very high frequency of CA developed cancer within three years. The results suggest that spontaneous levels of chromosomal aberrations may be used as one of the biomarkers for cancer predisposition study.