Primary myeloid sarcoma of the testicle with t(15;17)

The first case of acute promyelocytic leukemia presenting as a solitary testicular mass (myeloid sarcoma) that relapsed in the contralateral testicle is described. The neoplastic cells strongly expressed chloroacetate esterase, myeloperoxidase, CD33, CD43, and weakly, CD117. The presence of many azurophil granules and Auer rods was detected by electron microscopy. Translocation (15;17)(q22;q21.1) was revealed by cytogenetics and was verified by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Contralateral testicle is a favorite site for recurrence in a subset of testicular myeloid sarcomas. Subclassification of all cases of myeloid sarcoma ought to be attempted.