Hardfacing using ferro-alloy powder mixtures by submerged arc welding

In this study, we investigated the microstructure and properties of hardfacing coatings produced using Submerged Arc Welding (SAW) process. Powder mixtures of ferro-chrome powder, cast iron chip or stainless steel shot were used as alloying source to form Fe–Cr–C coating. Modified alloys were also produced by the addition of boron-containing powder to partially or fully replace carbon in the carbide-based coatings. Microstructural examination of produced samples showed the formation of carbides and borides of different morphologies which were best interpreted as microstructures of undercooled alloys. Abrasive wear and impact testing were also performed on the coatings as a measure of process effectiveness. By adjusting the amount of powder input and process variables, hypoeutectic, eutectic and hypereutectic alloys were successfully produced.