Advances in fuzzy theory

Recent advances in the foundations of fuzzy theory facilitated by Bart Kosko’s discovery of the fuzzy hypercube are of high relevance to artificial intelligence in medicine research. The new concepts of set inclusion, equality, and similarity are therefore reported in this paper. A unifying notion of a Lotfi Zadeh space is also introduced to show that Bart Kosko’s fuzzy hypercube is a Zadeh space.