A copper- and amine-free Sonogashira coupling reaction promoted by a ferrocene-based phosphinimine-phosphine ligand at low catalyst loading

A palladium(II) complex containing a ferrocene-based phosphinimine-phosphine ligand was applied to the amine- and copper-free Sonogashira coupling of aryl iodides and aryl bromides with terminal alkynes using 1 equiv of tetrabutylammonium acetate as an activator. The corresponding disubstituted alkynes were obtained in high yields and TONs using 0.1 mol % Pd-catalyst.