T-cell receptor repertoire of circulating gamma delta T-cells in Takayasuʹs arteritis

We studied T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire of circulating gamma delta (γδ) T-cells in 20 patients with Takayasuʹs arteritis (TA), 20 healthy controls (HC), 7 follow up TA patients, and 10 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 5 Wegenerʹs granulomatosis (WG) patients as disease controls. Patients with TA (8.1 ± 5.1%) compared to HC (3.7 ± 2.1%, P = 0.014), RA (4.8 ± 0.6%, P = 0.032), and WG (4.2 ± 0.8%, P = 0.030) as well as active TA compared to inactive TA (13.9 ± 4.1% vs. 4.9 ± 1.5%; P < 0.001) had higher number of γδ T-cells. The numbers of Vδ1+ cells were significantly higher in patients with TA (40.0 ± 20.8%) than HC (13.1 ± 8.0%; P = 0.001), RA (19.5 ± 1.8%, P = 0.004), and WG (17.0 ± 3.9%, P = 0.007). The numbers of γδ T-cells normalized in all the 7 patients after 180 days of follow up (13.9 ± 4.1% vs. 6.9 ± 2.5%; P = 0.001). We also observed higher number of activated and IFN-γ producing γδ T-cells in active TA. Our data show that γδ T-cells particularly those bearing Vδ1 TCR may have an important role in the immunopathogenesis of TA.