The development of highly selective approaches to sandwich-type heteroleptic double- and triple-decker lutetium(III) and europium(III) phthalocyanine complexes

The selective synthesis of heteroleptic (heteronuclear) sandwich-type lanthanide phthalocyanines has been accomplished. Double-decker complexes BuPcLnPc, and BuPcLnPcCl (Ln = Lu, Eu; BuPc = 2,3,9,10,16,17,23,24-octabutylphthalocyaninate; Pc = phthalocyaninate, ClPc = 2,3,9,10,16,17,23,24-octachlorophthalocyaninate) were obtained in good yields by a direct interaction of metal-free ligand BuPcH2 with the monophthalocyanines PcLnOAc or ClPcLnOAc. Heteronuclear triple-decker phthalocyanines PcEuRPcLuRPc, ClPcEuRPcLuRPc and BuPcEuRPcLuRPc (RPc = BuPc, tBuPc; tBuPc = 2(3),9(10),16(17),23(24)-tetra-tert-butylphthalocyaninate) were obtained from the corresponding mono-(PcEuOAc, ClPcEuOAc, BuPcEuOAc) and bisphthalocyanines (RPc2Lu) under similar conditions.