Early postnatal development of the immune system in piglets: The redistribution of T lymphocyte subsets

In this study, we have characterised postnatal changes in T lymphocyte subsets, especially γδ T lymphocytes, in blood, spleen and lymph nodes. Detection was carried out using two-colour flow cytometry and three-colour immunohistochemistry. During ontogeny, there was a significant increase in the total percentage of γδ T cells in the spleen and blood. In the lymph nodes, there were no age-dependent changes in the total percentage of γδ T cells, but the percentage of the γδTCR+CD8+ subpopulation significantly increased. The tissue distribution of γδTCR+CD8+ and γδTCR+CD8− cells in the lymph nodes is random and not collocated with a particular area of the organ. Furthermore, postnatal development was characterised by an increasing frequency of CD8+CD3+CD4−γδTCR−, which was compensated by a decreasing proportion of CD4+ lymphocytes. Double positive CD4+CD8+ lymphocytes were rare during the first month of life and a significant age-dependent increase of these cells was found in all the compartments monitored.