Association of systemic to pulmonary collateral arteries with tetralogy of Fallot and absent pulmonary valve syndrome

Tetralogy of Fallot with absent pulmonary valve syndrome presents a complex array of anatomic and physiologic abnormalities of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. We have described a subset of patients who, in addition to the usual constellation of findings peculiar to this disease, were found to have significant systemic to pulmonary collateral arteries.