Agricultural landscape modification increases the abundance of an important food resource: Mistletoes, birds and brigalow

Agricultural landuse alters landscape pattern, with important consequences for native species. Complex responses to changes in landscape pattern may be observed for species with strong inter-specific relationships. We investigate how the abundance of an ecologically important food resource, the grey mistletoe (Amyema quandang), is influenced by the interactive influences of human-modified landscape pattern, bird disperser abundance and host condition. Mistletoe abundance was estimated in brigalow (Acacia harpophylla) dominated remnants in three separate study areas with differing landscape patterns. Negative binomial generalised linear models of mistletoe abundance were tested with combinations of seven explanatory variables: study area, landscape connectivity and edge contrast, patch shape, bird disperser abundance, brigalow foliage cover and basal area of standing dead trees. Ranking of model averaged parameter estimates showed that study area, bird disperser abundance, patch shape, dead trees and connectivity had the strongest influence on A. quandang abundance. Mistletoe abundance apparently increased with landscape modification, particularly in narrow linear patches, but may be limited by the availability of seed dispersers and host condition. Given high landscape modification and ongoing degradation, management should be targeted towards maintaining brigalow remnant condition to ensure bird and mistletoe populations can be supported in the long-term.