Evaluation of sea bream (Sparus aurata) shelf life using an optoelectronic nose

A new optoelectronic nose for the shelf-life assessment of fresh sea bream in cold storage has been developed. The chromogenic array used eight sensing materials (based on aluminium oxide and silica gel) containing pH indicators, Lewis acids and an oxidation–reduction indicator. The colour changes of the sensor array were characteristic of sea bream spoilage. Colour modulations were measured on day 0 and for the samples held in cold storage for 2, 4, 7, 9 and 11 days. Determination of moisture content, pH, total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N), drip loss, ATP-related compounds and K1-value and microbial (mesophilic bacteria and Enterobacteriaceae) analyses were carried out on the same days. The changes in the chromogenic arrays data were processed by statistical analysis (PCA). Moreover, PLS statistical studies allowed the creation of models to correlate the chromogenic data with concentrations of mesophilic and Enterobacteriaceae. The results suggest the feasibility of this system to help develop optoelectronic noses for fish freshness monitoring.